Kuhlelo lokudlulisa uketshezi, i-valve iyingxenye yokulawula ebalulekile, ikakhulukazi enemisebenzi yokulawula, ukuphambukisa, ukulwa nokubuyela emuva, ukusika, kanye ne-shunt. I-valve isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini nasezindaweni zomphakathi. I-valve yokushisa ephezulu wuhlobo oluvame ukusetshenziswa kuma-valve. Izakhiwo zayo ezithile zimi kanje: ukusebenza okuhle kokucisha, ukucisha okujulile kungenziwa; ukushisela okuhle; ukumuncwa okuhle komthelela, kunzima ukuwulimaza ngobudlova; I-temper brittleness ivame ukuncipha njalo njalo. Kunezinhlobo eziningi uma kuqhathaniswa zama-valve anezinga eliphezulu lokushisa. Okuvame kakhulu izinga lokushisa eliphezuluizivalo uvemvane, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ama-valve ebhola, izihlungi ezinezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu ama-valve esango.

Ama-valve asezingeni eliphezulu ahlanganisa ama-valve esango asezingeni eliphezulu, ama-valve avala izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ama-valve okuhlola izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ama-valve amabhola ashisa kakhulu, ama-butterfly ashisa kakhulu, ama-valve enaliti aphezulu, ama-valve aphefumulayo, kanye ama-valve okwehlisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Phakathi kwazo, okuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ama-valve esango, ama-globe valves, ama-sheke valve, ama-ball valve nama-butterfly valves.

Izimo zokusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa izinga lokushisa elingaphansi kokushisa okuphezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu Ⅰ, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu Ⅱ, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu Ⅲ, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu Ⅳ, nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu Ⅴ, okuzokwethulwa ngokuhlukile ngezansi.

1. Izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu

Ukushisa okungaphansi kokuphakama kusho ukuthi izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo le-valve lisendaweni engu-325 ～425 ℃. Uma okuphakathi kungamanzi nesitimu, i-WCB, i-WCC, i-A105, i-WC6 ne-WC9 isetshenziswa kakhulu. Uma okuphakathi kungamafutha aqukethe isulfure, i-C5, CF8, CF3, CF8M, CF3M, njll., ekwazi ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-sulfide, isetshenziswa kakhulu. Asetshenziswa kakhulu kumishini yokwehlisa ingcindezi esemkhathini kanye nakuma-coking abambezelekile ezindaweni zokuhluza. Ngalesi sikhathi, amavalvu enziwe nge-CF8, CF8M, CF3 kanye ne-CF3M awasetshenziselwa ukumelana nokugqwala kwezixazululo ze-asidi, kodwa asetshenziselwa imikhiqizo kawoyela enesibabule namapayipi kawoyela negesi. Kulesi simo, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusebenza CF8, CF8M, CF3 kanye CF3M kuyinto 450 ° C.

2. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu Ⅰ

Lapho izinga lokushisa lokusebenza kwe-valve lingu-425 ～550 ℃, ikilasi lokushisa eliphezulu I (okubhekiselwa kulo njengekilasi le-PI). Impahla eyinhloko ye-valve yebanga le-PI “izinga lokushisa eliphezulu Ⅰ ibanga eliphakathi kwe-carbon chromium nickel engavamile emhlabeni i-titanium insimbi ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa” ene-CF8 njengomumo oyisisekelo ku-ASTMA351 ejwayelekile. Ngenxa yokuthi izinga le-PI yigama elikhethekile, umqondo wensimbi engenasici (P) enezinga eliphezulu lokushisa ufakiwe lapha. Ngakho-ke, uma indawo yokusebenza ingamanzi noma isitimu, nakuba insimbi enezinga lokushisa eliphezulu i-WC6 (t≤540 ℃) noma i-WC9 (t≤570 ℃) ingasetshenziswa, kuyilapho imikhiqizo kawoyela equkethe isibabule ingasetshenziswa futhi insimbi enezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. C5 (ZG1Cr5Mo), kodwa Azikwazi ukubizwa nge-PI-class lapha.

3. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu II

Izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo le-valve lingama-550 ～650 ℃, futhi ihlukaniswa njengezinga lokushisa eliphezulu Ⅱ (okubizwa ngokuthi P Ⅱ). I-valve yezinga lokushisa eliphakeme lesigaba se-PⅡ isetshenziswa kakhulu kumshini wokuqhekeka osindayo kawoyela wokuhluza. Iqukethe i-valve yesango ekwazi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu esetshenziswa kubhobho ezungeza kathathu nezinye izingxenye. Impahla eyinhloko ye-valve yebanga le-PⅡ “izinga lokushisa eliphakeme Ⅱ ibanga eliphakathi kwe-carbon chromium nickel engavamile emhlabeni i-titanium tantalum insimbi ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa” ene-CF8 njengomumo oyisisekelo ku-ASTMA351 ejwayelekile.

4. Ukushisa okuphezulu III

Izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo le-valve lingama-650 ～730 ℃, futhi ihlukaniswa njengezinga lokushisa eliphakeme III (elibizwa ngokuthi PⅢ). PⅢ amavalvu okushisa aphezulu asetshenziswa kakhulu kumayunithi amakhulu okuqhekeka kawoyela asindayo ezindaweni zokuhluza. Impahla eyinhloko ye-valve yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu le-PⅢ yi-CF8M esekelwe ku-ASTMA351.

5.Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu Ⅳ

Izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo le-valve lingama-730 ～816 ℃, futhi ikalwe njengezinga lokushisa eliphezulu IV (elibizwa ngokuthi i-PIV ngamafuphi). Umkhawulo ongaphezulu wokushisa okusebenzayo kwe-valve ye-PIV ngu-816 ℃, ngoba izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu elihlinzekwa yizinga elijwayelekile le-ASMEB16134 le-pressure-temperature elikhethelwe ukwakhiwa kwe-valve ngu-816 ℃ (1500υ). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemva kokuba izinga lokushisa lokusebenza lidlula i-816 ° C, insimbi isiseduze nokungena endaweni yokushisa yokubumba. Ngalesi sikhathi, insimbi isendaweni ye-deformation yepulasitiki, futhi insimbi ine-plasticity enhle, futhi kunzima ukumelana nokucindezela okuphezulu okusebenzayo kanye namandla omthelela nokuyigcina ingawohloki. Into eyinhloko yevalvu ye-P Ⅳ yi-CF8M endinganisweni ye-ASTMA351 njengomumo oyisisekelo “izinga lokushisa eliphakeme Ⅳ eliphakathi kwe-carbon chromium nickel molybdenum eyivelakancane yomhlaba i-titanium tantalum eqiniswe insimbi ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa”. I-CK-20 ne-ASTMA182 ejwayelekile ye-F310 (kuhlanganise nokuqukethwe kwe-C ≥01050%) kanye ne-F310H yensimbi engagqwali engashi.

6, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu Ⅴ

Izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo le-valve lingaphezulu kuka-816 ℃, elibizwa ngokuthi i-PⅤ, i-PⅤ i-valve yokushisa ephezulu (ye-valve yokuvala, hhayi ukulawula ama-valve butterfly) kumele isebenzise izindlela ezikhethekile zokuklama, ezifana nolayini wokufaka umugqa noma amanzi noma igesi yokupholisa qinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-valve. Ngakho-ke, umkhawulo ophezulu wokushisa okusebenzayo kwe-valve yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lesigaba se-PⅤ awucacisiwe, ngoba izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo le-valve yokulawula alinqunywa kuphela ngezinto ezibonakalayo, kodwa ngezindlela ezikhethekile zokuklama, kanye nesimiso esiyisisekelo sendlela yokuklama. kuyefana. I-valve yezinga lokushisa eliphakeme le-PⅤ ingakhetha izinto ezinengqondo ezingahlangabezana ne-valve ngokuya ngendawo yayo yokusebenza kanye nengcindezi yokusebenza kanye nezindlela ezikhethekile zokuklama. Esigabeni se-PⅤ i-valve yokushisa okuphezulu, ngokuvamile i-valve ye-flapper noma i-butterfly ye-valve ye-flue flapper noma i-butterfly valve ivame ukukhethwa ku-HK-30 kanye ne-HK-40 yama-alloys aphezulu okushisa ku-ASTMA297 ejwayelekile. Imelana nokugqwala, kodwa ayikwazi ukumelana nokushaqeka kanye nemithwalo yengcindezi ephezulu.